At least 400 farms have been identified by archaeologists. The combined population was around 2,000–3,000. A smaller settlement near the Eastern Settlement is sometimes considered the Middle Settlement. The Eastern was at the southwestern tip of Greenland, while the Western Settlement was about 500 km up the west coast, inland from present-day Nuuk. Norse Greenland consisted of two settlements. Map showing the extent of the Norse world He issued tracts of land to his followers. The inner reaches of one long fjord, named Eiriksfjord after him, was where he eventually established his estate Brattahlid. He made plans to entice settlers to the area, naming it Greenland on the assumption that "people would be more eager to go there because the land had a good name". Įrik the Red (Old Norse: Eiríkr rauði), having been banished from Iceland for manslaughter, explored the uninhabited southwestern coast of Greenland during the three years of his banishment. There is no special reason to doubt the authority of the information that the sagas supply regarding the very beginning of the settlement, but they cannot be treated as primary evidence for the history of Norse Greenland because they embody the literary preoccupations of writers and audiences in medieval Iceland that are not always reliable. Eiriksfjord (Erik's fjord) and his farm Brattahlid are shown, as is the location of the bishopric at Gardar.Īccording to the Sagas of Icelanders, Norsemen from Iceland first settled Greenland in the 980s. Norse Greenland Ī map of the Eastern Settlement on Greenland, covering approximately the modern municipality of Kujalleq. Pseudoscientific and pseudo-historical theories have emerged since the public acknowledgment of these Norse expeditions and settlements. The Norse exploration of North America has been subject to numerous controversies concerning the European exploration and settlement of North America. Other such Norse voyages are likely to have occurred for some time, but there is no evidence of any Norse settlement on mainland North America lasting beyond the 11th century. L'Anse aux Meadows, the only confirmed Norse site in present-day Canada, was small and did not last as long.
The Norse settlements on Greenland lasted for almost 500 years. This single settlement, located on the island of Newfoundland and not on the North American mainland, was abruptly abandoned. This discovery helped reignite archaeological exploration for the Norse in the North Atlantic. This is known now as L'Anse aux Meadows where the remains of buildings were found in 1960 dating to approximately 1,000 years ago. The Norse exploration of North America began in the late 10th century, when Norsemen explored areas of the North Atlantic colonizing Greenland and creating a short term settlement near the northern tip of Newfoundland.
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